' 


CENTENNIAL  EXPOSITION. 


EDUCATION  AND  SCIENCE 


CATALOGUE 


OF  THE 


EXHIBIT  IN  THIS  DEPARTMENT 


FROM  THE 

STATE  OF  ILLINOIS. 


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PHILADELPHIA: 


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Edmund  Deacon’s  Franklin  Printing  House,  38  Hudson  Street. 

1876. 


JQv*. 


CATALOGUE. 


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This  exhibit  is  prepared  under  the  direction  of  the  Illinois  State  Teachers’  Associa¬ 
tion,  and  is  made  at  the  expense  of  the  teachers,  officers  and  pupils  of  the  schools  of  the 
State. 

It  presents  the  educational  condition  of  the  State  as  shown  by  its 
Primary  Schools, 

Ungraded  District  Schools, 

Graded  Schools, 

High  Schools  and  Seminaries, 

Normal  Schools, 

Colleges, 

Industrial  University, 

Other  Educational  and  Charitable  Institutions, 

Museum  of  Natural  History, 

Other  Educational  and  Professional  Work,  and  by  its 
Department  of  Public  Instruction. 

Wherever,  in  the  enumeration  of  the  work  of  the  common  schools,  the  word  volume 
occurs,  it  is  understood  to  refer  to  the  manuscript  work  of  pupils  in  their  examinations 
unless  otherwise  specified. 

PEIMAEY  SCHOOLS. 

Kindergartens.  One  case  of  children’s  work  from  Bloomington,  and  one  volume  of 
the  same  from  Normal. 


UNGEADED  DISTEICT  SCHOOLS. 

McLean  County,  three  volumes ;  Peoria  County,  three  volumes  and  one  volume  of 
special  work ;  Ogle  County,  three  volumes ;  Adams  County,  two  volumes ;  De  Kalb 
County,  one  volume;  Henderson  County,  one  volume;  Warren  County,  one  volume;  St. 
Clair  County,  one  volume;  Knox  County,  one  volume  and  one  portfolio  of  maps,  draw¬ 
ings,  etc.  Numerous  photographs  of  school-houses. 

GEADED  SCHOOLS. 

Chicago,  eighteen  volumes  of  selected  work,  nineteen  volumes  of  entire  class  work, 
eight  volumes  of  penmanship,  one  volume  “  History  of  Chicago  from  1673  to  1876,”  one 
volume  of  special  work  in  word  building,  one  volume  of  special  work  in  composition 
one  volume  of  work  by  deaf  mutes,  one  volume  of  special  work  in  German,  one  volume 
of  special  work  of  pupils  in  Jones’  School,  one  volume  of  examination  papers  marked 
by  teachers,  one  volume  giving  the  territorial  growth  of  the  United  States,  one  portfolio 
of  maps  and  drawings,  maps  in  frames  on  the  wall,  photographs  and  plans  of  school 
buildings,  outlines  of  revised  course  of  study,  copies  of  the  Eeport  of  the  Board  of  Edu¬ 
cation  for  1875. 

(3) 


4 


Drawings.  Fifteen  volumes  of  entire  class  work,  fourteen  volumes  of  selected  papers, 
five  volumes  of  special  work,  one  volume  of  mechanical  drawings  from  the  Evening 
High  School,  drawings  in  frames  on  the  wall. 

Danville,  eight  volumes,  and  one  volume  of  drawings ;  Springfield,  seven  volumes, 
and  three  volumes  of  drawings ;  Belleville,  six  volumes,  and  two  volumes  of  drawings ; 
Marengo,  eight  volumes ;  Decatur,  five  volumes ;  Quincy,  five  volumes ;  Pittsfield,  five 
volumes ;  Rochelle,  four  volumes  ;  Jacksonville,  three  volumes  ;  Macomb,  four  volumes, 
and  one  volume  and  one  portfolio  of  drawings ;  De  Kalb,  three  volumes ;  Moline,  three 
volumes;  Lebanon,  two  volumes,  and  two  volumes  of  drawings;  Bloomington,  two  vol¬ 
umes,  and  one  volume  of  photographs  of  school  buildings;  Wethersfield,  two  volumes; 
Galesburg,  one  volume;  Peoria,  one  volume;  Sycamore,  one  volume;  Lake  View,  one 
volume ;  Grand  Detour,  one  volume ;  Creston,  one  volume ;  Adeline,  one  volume ;  Cham¬ 
paign,  one  volume ;  Rantoul,  one  volume ;  Genesee,  one  volume ;  Colona,  one  volume  ; 
New  Athens,  one  volume;  Carlyle,  one  volume;  Payson,  one  volume;  Maplewood,  one 
volume;  Nora,  one  volume;  Clear  Creek,  one  volume;  Monmouth,  one  volume;  Mon¬ 
mouth  and  Kirkwood,  one  volume;  Oneida,  Knoxville  and  Yates  City,  one  volume. 

The  volumes  included  in  the  following  list  embrace  the  work  of  the  High  Schools  as 
well  as  that  of  the  Graded  Schools. 

Aurora,  eighteen  volumes,  one  portfolio  of  drawings  and  one  of  statistics,  plans  of 
buildings,  etc. ;  Paris,  eight  volumes,  and  one  lot  of  maps;  Mascoutah,  four  volumes; 
Griggsville,  three  volumes;  Forreston,  two  volumes,  and  one  volume  of  drawings;  Polo, 
two  volumes;  Lake  and  Hyde  Park,  two  volumes;  Carthage,  one  volume;  Blue  Island, 
one  volume ;  Hyde  Park,  one  volume ;  Evanston,  one  volume ;  Byron,  one  volume ; 
Mt.  Morris,  one  volume ;  Oregon,  one  volume ;  Galva,  one  volume ;  Geneva,  one  volume. 
Photographs  and  plans  of  school  buildings  and  programmes  of  schools. 

HIGH  SCHOOLS  AND  SEMINARIES. 

Chicago,  sixteen  volumes;  Princeton,  six  volumes,  one  portfolio  of  maps  and  one 
volume  of  catalogues,  plans,  etc. ;  Decatur,  four  volumes ;  Rochelle,  three  volumes  ; 
Springfield,  two  volumes,  and  two  published  papers;  Wethersfield,  two  volumes,  one 
volume  of  drawings  and  one  portfolio  of  plants ;  Quincy,  two  volumes ;  Galesburg,  two 
volumes;  Champaign,  two  volumes;  Belleville,  one  volume,  and  one  volume  of  draw¬ 
ings;  Macomb,  one  volume,  one  number  of  the  High  School  Journal  and  one  volume  of 
drawings;  Altona,  one  volume  ;  Tolono,  one  volume  ;  Geneva,  one  volume;  Blooming¬ 
ton,  one  volume ;  Nora,  one  volume;  Marengo,  one  volume;  Pittsfield,  one  volume; 
Lebanon,  one  volume;  Jacksonville,  one  volume;  Danville,  one  volume ;  Peoria,  one 
volume ;  Lake  View,  one  volume ;  Rock  River  Seminary,  one  volume  ;  St.  Mary’s 
School,  Knoxville,  one  volume ;  catalogues  of  schools,  plans  of  school  buildings,  etc. 

NORMAL  SCHOOLS. 

Cook  County,  one  volume,  and  one  volume  of  catalogues,  etc. ;  Peoria  County,  one 
volume,  and  one  portfolio  of  maps;  Aurora  city,  one  volume;  Normal  University,  six 
volumes,  one  volume  giving  the  plans  and  purposes  of  the  University,  one  volume  of 
diaries  of  the  pupil  teachers,  one  volume  of  maps,  one  volume  of  drawings  and  one 
volume  of  photograjdis  of  building;  Southern  Normal  University,  nine  volumes  of 
manuscripts,  three  volumes  of  drawings,  and  photographs  and  plans  of  building. 

COLLEGES. 

Knox,  one  volume  of  history  of  the  college  and  manuscript  work ;  Westfield,  one 
volume;  Lombard  University,  one  volume;  Monmouth,  one  volume  of  college  contests 
and  one  volume  of  catalogues;  Wesleyan,  one  volume  of  catalogues;  unbound  catalogues 
of  numerous  colleges,  and  photographs  and  plans  of  college  buildings. 


5 


ILLINOIS  INDUSTRIAL  UNIVERSITY. 

I.  College  of  Engineering. 

1.  School  of  Mechanical  Engineering. 

Twenty-four  mechanical  models  made  by  students. 

One  thermometer-graduating  machine  made  by  students. 

Six  portfolios  of  drawings  and  manuscripts. 

2.  School  of  Civil  Engineering. 

Twenty-two  portfolios  of  manuscripts  and  drawings. 

Plan  of  the  triangulations  of  the  University. 

Engineering  and  astronomical  instruments. 

Two  frames  of  topography. 

Model  of  Bridge. 

3.  School  of  Mining  Engineering. 

Nine  pieces  of  illustration  apparatus. 

4.  School  of  Architecture. 

Fifty  architectural  drawings  in  frames  and  portfolios. 

Eleven  portfolios  of  projection  drawings. 

Twenty  original  designs  in  frames  and  portfolios. 

Two  models  of  stairs — students’  work. 

Two  designs  in  plaster. 

Two  copies  in  plaster. 

One  piece  of  Greek  statuary  in  clay. 

Five  portfolios  of  manuscripts. 

Six  capitals  done  in  ink. 

II.  College  of  Natural  Science. 

1.  School  of  Chemistry. 

One  hundred  and  thirty-four  jars  of  chemicals  prepared  by  students  in  laboratory 
practice. 

Student’s  set  of  apparatus. 

2.  School  of  Natural  History. 

(1.)  Botany. 

a.  Plants  in  Herbarium. 

h.  Woods  and  shrubs  of  Illinois — 170  prepared  specimens.  (In  Mineral  Annex.) 

(2.)  Zoology ,  Conchology. 

a.  Birds — 45  specimens — prepared  by  students. 

b.  Mammalia — specimens. 

c.  Shells — 125  species — from  Illinois.  (In  Mineral  Annex.) 

d.  Entomological  specimens,  represented  by  two  orders — 

(a.)  Coleoptera — 300  species. 

(6.)  Lepidoptera — 150  species. 

(3.)  Mineralogy.  (In  Mineral  Annex.) 

A  display  of  minerals  from  Jo  Davies  County  by  Gen.  J.  C.  Smith. 

Lead  ores,  sheet  and  crystal. 

Zinc  ores,  blackjack,  sulphuret. 

Zinc  ores,  drybone,  carbonate. 

Sulphuret  of  iron. 

Dog-tooth  spar. 

Nail-head  spar. 

Two  pigs  of  lead. 


6 


Fire  clays,  with  manufactured  specimen. 

Kaolin. 

(4.)  Geology. 

Eight  specimens  of  building  stone,  sand  and  lime.  (In  Mineral  Annex.) 

College  set  of  geological  casts  from  Ward’s  Museum.  (In  Agricultural  Hall.) 
(5.)  Archceology.  (In  Mineral  Annex.) 

One  hundred  and  sixty-five  (165)  specimens  of  axes,  chisels,  hoes,  pestles,  knives 
spears,  arrow  heads,  pipes,  awls,  etc.,  etc. 

III.  College  of  Agriculture. 

169  specimens  of  corn  coming  from  all  parts  of  U.  S.  and  British  Provinces,  and  show¬ 
ing  the  climatic  variations.  (In  Agricultural  Hall.) 

23  varieties  of  husking  pegs.  (In  Agricultural  Hall.) 

10  models  of  ancient  ploughs.  (In  Agricultural  Hall.) 

Specimens  of  grain.  (In  Mineral  Annex.) 

Wheat,  26  glass  globes. 

Oats,  12  “  “ 

Bye,  3  “ 

Buckwheat,  2  “  “ 

Corn,  2  “  “ 

Peas,  3  “ 

Millet,  1  “ 

Barley,  1  “ 

Tares,  1  “  “ 

Cloverseed,  1  “  “ 

IV.  Other  Schools  not  included  in  the  four  Colleges. 

1.  Military. 

2.  School  of  Commerce. 

One  portfolio  of  students’  manuscripts. 

3.  Domestic  Science  and  Art. 

One  portfolio  of  students’  manuscripts. 

4.  Free  Hand- Dr  awing. 

(1.)  In  Portfolios. 

One  portfolio  of  sketches  as  prepared  for  shading. 


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copies,  first  term’s  work  of  students. 

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drawings  made  from  memory. 

Three 

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original  designs,  first  and  second  terms. 

One 

a 

a 

comic  designs,  advanced  students. 

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object  drawings,  first  term. 

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cast  drawings,  first  term. 

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miscellaneous  drawings. 

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sketches  or  outline  drawings,  first  term. 

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containing  the  entire  first  term’s  work  of  four  students. 

(2.)  In  frames. 

Four  drawings  from  casts. 

Four  enlarged  from  photographs. 
Two  original  designs. 

Five  copies  from  flat. 


7 


V.  Miscellaneous  Matter. 

1.  Twenty-five  photographic  views  of  the  Illinois  Industrial  University,  made  at  the 

Chemical  Laboratory. 

2.  Bulletin  Board  of  the  Alethenai  (young  ladies’)  Literary  Society. 

3.  Six  cases  in  which  the  Illinois  Educational  Exhibit  is  made ;  work  of  students  in 

carpenter  shops. 

OTHER  EDUCATIONAL  AND  CHARITABLE  INSTITUTIONS. 

Central  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Jacksonville.  One  bird’s-eye  view,  one  view  in  per¬ 
spective,  one  plan  of  main  floor. 

Northern  Hospital  for  the  Insane,  Elgin.  One  bird’s-eye  view,  one  view  in  perspec¬ 
tive. 

Institution  for  the  Blind,  Jacksonville.  One  bird’s-eye  view,  one  plan  of  the  grounds, 
one  front  elevation,  one  plan  of  the  basement,  one  of  each  of  the  four  stories,  and  one  of 
the  dining-hall. 

Institution  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb,  Jacksonville.  Five  volumes  of  manuscript  work 
and  photographs  of  pupils,  one  bird’s-eye  view,  one  plan  of  grounds,  one  of  the  base 
ment,  one  of  the  first  story,  one  of  the  second  story,  one  of  the  dining-hall,  one  of  the 
chapel,  one  of  the  work-shop,  one  of  the  school-house,  one  of  the  engine-house,  one  front 
elevation,  one  end  elevation,  and  two  side  elevations  of  the  dining-hall. 

NATURAL  HISTORY. 

This  exhibit  is  intended  to  show  what  the  State  Museum  will  do  as  a  medium  of  ex¬ 
change,  and  supply  of  specimens  to  the  schools  of  the  State,  and  also  what  the  schools  do 
for  themselves. 

State  Museum.  Alcoholic  specimens,  forty-six  in  all ;  collection  of  corals ;  collection 
of  shells ;  four  cases  of  insects ;  three  cases  of  botanical  specimens. 

Public  schools.  Collection  of  birds  from  Aurora  and  Delevan  ;  three  cases  of  insects 
from  Aurora ;  two  cases  of  birds’  nests  and  eggs  from  Quincy. 

Catalogue  of  the  Paleontological  Division  of  the  Cabinet  of  Dr.  W.  H.  Chapman, 
Peoria. 

OTHER  EDUCATIONAL  AND  PROFESSIONAL  WORK. 

One  volume  of  addresses  before  the  State  Teachers’  Association,  1875;  two  volumes 
of  teachers’  work  from  Ogle  County  ;  one  volume  of  teachers’  work  from  Warren  County  ; 
one  volume  from  Teachers’  Institute  of  Peoria  County ;  one  volume  from  Teachers’ 
Institute  of  Peoria  city;  one  volume  of  examination  questions  from  Bureau  County ;  four 
volumes  of  the  Alumni  Journal ;  one  volume  Horne  Monthly ;  one  combined  County  and 
State  Atlas;  one  illustrated  Farm  Atlas :  one  illustrated  Historical  Atlas  of  St.Clair 
County;  ten  portfolios  of  work  in  bookkeeping  and  business  forms  from  Jacksonville 
Business  College;  one  set  of  Easterday’s  Uiagram  of  Compound  Numbers;  one  globe 
from  the  Oquawka  Grammar  School ;  Stotflet’s  U.  S.  Government  School  Chart;  miscel¬ 
laneous  pamphlets  and  manuscripts. 

ILLINOIS  PUBLICATIONS. 

One  set  of  the  publications  of  S.  C.  Griggs  &  Co ,  Chicago,  twenty-six  volumes ;  edu¬ 
cational  publications  of  Geo.  Sherwood  &  Co.,  Chicago ;  publications  and  blanks  for 
schools  and  Sabbath-schools  from  the  Adams,  Blackmer  &  Lyon  Publishing  Company, 
Chicago;  thirty  volumes  of  works  written  by  Illinois  authors;  specimen  copies  of  the 
monthly,  weekly  and  daily  publications  of  the  State,  two  hundred  and  sixty-seven  in  all . 


8 


REPORTS  OF  SCHOOL  BOARDS. 

One  complete  set  from  the  Chicago  Board’of  Education,  ten  volumes ;  two  volumes 
from  Springfield  ;  one  volume  from  Peoria;  one  volume  from  Jacksonville;  pamphlet 
reports  from  various  cities  and  towns. 

DEPARTMENT  OF  PUBLIC  INSTRUCTION. 

One  set  of  reports  of  the  State  Superintendent,  ten  volumes. 


I.  Outline  of  the  School  System. 

Its  field  of  administration  embraces 

1.  The  State.  3.  The  Township. 

2.  The  County.  4.  The  School  District. 

II.  Its  Officers  are, 

1.  A  State  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction,  having  the  general  supervision  of  the 
whole  system ;  elected  by  the  people ;  term  of  office,  four  years ;  and  making  biennial 
reports  to  the  governor. 

2.  A  County  Superintendent  for  each  county,  having  the  general  supervision  of  all 
common  schools  and  school  business  in  the  county,  having  sole  power  to  examine  and 
license  teachers,  elected  by  the  people,  holding  office  four  years,  and  reporting  annually 
to  the  State  Superintendent. 

3.  A  board  of  three  trustees  for  each  township,  having  in  charge  the  school  interests 
of  the  township,  the  establishment  and  change  of  school  districts,  elected  by  the  people, 
one  each  year,  and  reporting  annually  to  the  County  Superintendent. 

4.  A  Board  of  three  Directors  for  each  district,  who  employ  and  pay  all  teachers,  pro¬ 
vide  school-houses,  levy  all  taxes  necessary  to  the  support  of  schools,  attend  to  all  the 
common  school  interests  of  their  districts,  elected  by  the  people  of  their  respective  dis¬ 
tricts,  one  each  year,  and  report  to  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  their  township. 

A  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  State  Industrial  University,  nominated  by  the  Governor 
and  confirmed  by  the  Senate. 

Two  Boards  of  Education,  appointed  in  the  same  manner,  whose  duties  are  to  take 
charge  of  the  State  Normal  Universities. 

County  Boards  of  Education,  elected  by  the  Boards  of  Supervisors.  Their  duties  are 
to  take  charge  of  the  County  Normal  Schools. 

III.  The  Schools. 

The  schools  provided  for  by  the  laws  of  the  State  are  the  District  Schools,  High 
Schools,  County  Normal  Schools,  State  Normal  Universities  and  the  State  Industrial 
University. 

They  are  free.  No  tuition  fee  can  be  imposed.  The  common  schools  must  be  sus¬ 
tained  five  months  each  year  before  they  can  share  the  public  funds.  They  may  be  con" 
tinned  longer  if  these  funds  will  allow,  or  by  means  of  a  special  tax  not  to  exceed  two 
per  cent,  of  the  valuation  of  the  property  of  the  district.  The  branches  taught  are 
orthography,  reading,  penmanship,  arithmetic,  grammar,  geography,  and  history  of  the 
United  States.  Other  branches  may  be  introduced  whenever,  in  the  judgment  of  the 
Board  of  Directors,  the  interests  of  the  district  require  such  introduction. 


9 


IV.  The  Teachers. 

They  must  be  of  good  moral  character  and  qualified  to  teach  the  branches  already 
named.  They  must  possess  the  certificate  of  the  County  Superintendent  before  they  can 
be  employed  by  any  Board  of  Directors,  or  receive  in  payment  for  their  services  any 
part  of  the  school  fund. 

Certificates  are  of  three  grades : 

1.  State,  of  perpetual  validity  in  the  State,  granted  on  public  examination  by  the 
State  Superintendent. 

2.  First  Grade,  good  for  two  years  in  the  county,  granted  by  the  County  Superin¬ 
tendent. 

3.  Second  Grade,  good  for  one  year  in  the  county,  also  granted  by  the  County  Super¬ 
intendent. 

Teachers  must  keep  schedules,  noting  names,  ages,  etc.,  of  their  pupils  before  they  can 
receive  pay  from  the  public  funds. 

They  receive  payment  of  salary  monthly. 


V.  Pupils. 


Age,  between  six  and  twenty-one. 

Must  attend  in  their  respective  districts,  unless  by  written  consent  of  both  Boards  of 
Directors. 

May  be  admitted  if  over  twenty-one  by  payment  of  tuition. 


V 1.  School  Funds. 

The  principal  of  the  permanent  school  fund  of  the  State  is  derived  from  the  sale  of 
public  lands,  from  money  received  by  the  State  from  the  United  States,  and  from  mis¬ 
cellaneous  sources. 

The  schools  are  supported  by  the  income  derived  from  this  principal,  increased  by 

The  State  Tax  Funds,  arising  from  a  levy  of  two  mills  on  every  dollar  of  the  valua¬ 
tion  of  taxable  property  in  the  State ;  also  by 

The  District  Tax  Fund,  being  the  tax  levied  by  the  people  in  their  respective  dis¬ 
tricts,  and  by 

Fines  and  Forfeitures. 

The  school  funds  are  distributed  by  the  State  Auditor  to  the  County  Superintendents, 
by  them  to  the  Township  Trustees,  and  by  them  to  the  District  Boards. 

The  distribution  is  made  in  proportion  to  the  number  of  children  under  twenty-one 
years  of  age. 


Other  Features. 


No  special  school  laws. 

No  division  of  any  public  fund  whatever  in  aid  of  any  sectarian  purpose,  or  to  help 
support  any  school  or  literary  institution  controlled  by  any  church  or  sect. 


10 


SCHOOL  STATISTICS  FOR  THE  YEAR  1874. 


Population  of  the  State  in  1870  .... 

Humber  of  persons  under  twenty-one  years  of  age 
Whole  number  of  school  districts  .... 

Humber  of  districts  having  school  five  months  or  more 
Total  number  of  pupils  enrolled  .... 

Whole  number  of  teachers,  male  9,036,  female  12,093,  total 
Aggregate  number  of  months  taught 
Percentage  of  enrollment  to  school  census 

“  “  average  daily  attendance  to  school  census 

“  “  “  “  “  to  enrollment 

Whole  number  of  graded  schools  . 

Humber  of  public  high  schools 

“  “  volumes  in  district  school  libraries 
“  “  school  houses  .... 

Total  receipts  for  all  school  purposes  in  1874 
“  expenditures  ..... 

Humber  of  State  Hormal  Universities  . 

u  “  County  Hormal  Schools 

pupils  pursuing  normal  course  in  the  Hormal  Universities 
“  “  “  “  “  County  Hormal  Schools 

Cost  per  scholar  on  school  census  for  tuition  and  incidentals 

u  “  on  enrollment  for  same . 

“  “  on  average  daily  attendance . 

Amount  of  permanent  common  school  fund . 


u 


U 


cc 


2,539,891 

938,878 

11,285 

11,011 

671,775 

21,129 

99,926 

71 

40 

57 

754 

116 

52,747 

11,434 

$9,292,516 

7,865,682 

2 

2 

415 
235 
$5 '60 
7-82 
13-73 
$6,573,803 


S.  H.  White,  Agent. 


S.  M.  ETTER, 

J.  M.  GREGORY, 
J.  L.  PICKARD, 
J.  A.  SEWALL, 
D.  A.  WALLACE. 


' 

►  Ex  Com. 


